Bell-Type Inequalities from the Perspective of Non-Newtonian Calculus

Abstract A class of quantum probabilities is reformulated in terms non-Newtonian calculus and projective arithmetic. The model generalizes spin-1/2 singlet state discussed Czachor (Acta Physica Polonica:139 70–83, 2021) to arbitrary spins s . For $$s\rightarrow \infty$$ s → ∞ the formalism reduces ordinary arithmetic calculus. Accordingly, limit “non-Newtonian Newtonian” becomes analogous classical a theory.